-Delile
- Siyini isitayela sokunamathiselwa esingavikelekile?
- Izinhlobo zokunamathiselwe okungavikelekile
- 1. Okunamathiselwe okungavikeleki
- 2. Okunamathiselwe okungavikeleki
- 3. Okunamathiselwe okungavumelekile okungahlelekile
- Yini ebangela ukunamathiselwa okungavikelekile?
- 1. Ukuhlukumeza nokunganakwa
- 2. Ukuhlukumezeka nokulahlekelwa
- 3. Ukuntuleka kokuphendula njengomzali
- Izibonelo Zokuthinteka Okunamathiselwe Okungavikeleki
- Izibonelo Zokuziphatha Okunamathiselwe Okungavikeleki Ezinganeni
- Izibonelo Zokuziphatha Okunamathiselwe Okungavikelekile Kubantu Abadala
- Ukunamathiselwa okungavikelekile kubuthinta kanjani ubudlelwano lapho usumdala
- Izindlela ezi-3 zokunqoba isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile
- 1. Ukuxhumana
- 2. Ukwelashwa Ngabanye
- 3. Ukwelashwa Kwemibhangqwana
- Isiphetho
Iningi labantu abanentshisekelo kwezengqondo bezwile ngezinzuzo zokunamathiselwa. Kuthuthukiswe isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uJohn Bowlby, ithiyori yokunamathisela ithi izingane ezincane zakha okunamathiselwe okungenani kumuntu omdala oyedwa onikeza induduzo lapho besaba, besengozini noma becindezelekile.
UMary Ainsworth kamuva wachaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokunamathiselwa, enye yazo isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile. Ngaphansi kwalesi sambulela, kunezindlela ezintathu zokunamathiselwa ezingavikelekile, okuholela ezinkingeni ebudlelwaneni babantu abadala.
Siyini isitayela sokunamathiselwa esingavikelekile?
Isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile sichaza iphethini yokuxhumana ebudlelwaneni lapho umuntu ekhombisa khona ukwesaba noma ukungaqiniseki. Kuphambene nokunamathiselwe okuphephile, lapho umuntu ezizwa ephephile futhi eduduzeka phakathi komlingani wakhe ngesikhathi sosizi.
Abantu abathola ukunakekelwa okungaguquguquki nokukhuliswa njengezingane bavikeleka kokunamathiselwe kwabo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu ababonisa izindlela zokunamathisela ezingavikelekile banamazinga aphezulu okukhathazeka ebudlelwaneni babo futhi abazizwa beqiniseka ukuthi abalingani babo bazohlangabezana nezidingo zabo.
Lokhu kungaholela ekuxabaneni kobudlelwano kanye nobunzima bokwakha ubudlelwano obusondelene nabanye. Akumangazi ukuthi ukubuyekezwa kocwaningo kukhombisa ukuthi abantu abangazethembi ebudlelwaneni banamazinga aphansi okwaneliseka ngobudlelwano babo.
Izinhlobo zokunamathiselwe okungavikelekile
Okunamathiselwe okungaphephile yigama lesambulela elichaza abantu abasondela ebudlelwaneni ngokwesaba nokucindezeleka, kepha kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaphethini wokunamathisela okungavikelekile:
1. Okunamathiselwe okungavikeleki
Kubantu abanalesi sitayela sokunamathisela, indlela yokuziphatha engavikelekile izibonakalisa ngesimo sokubambelela.
Umuntu ongazethembi-ovusa amadlingozi uzodinga ukuqinisekiswa kaningi kumlingani wakhe, futhi kungenzeka wesabe ukushiywa. Lesi sitayela sokunamathiselwa kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi okunamathiselwe okungavikeleki okungavikeleki.
2. Okunamathiselwe okungavikeleki
Lesi sitayela sokunamathiselwe sihlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuxoshayo ebudlelwaneni.
Umuntu onalolu hlobo lokunamathiselwe uzokugwema ukusondelana futhi abe nobunzima ekwakheni ubudlelwano obuseduze nomlingani noma abe sengozini nomlingani wakhe.
3. Okunamathiselwe okungavumelekile okungahlelekile
Ukuziphatha okungavikelekile ngalolu hlobo lwesitayela sokunamathisela kungaba okungaqondakali ngandlela thile.
Umuntu onesinamathiseli esingahlelekile esingahlelekile unenkinga yokubhekana nosizi futhi ngeke abe nephethini langempela elihambisana nokunamathiselwe.
Izinhlobo ezintathu ezingenhla zokungavikeleki zingaholela ekubeni nobunzima ebudlelwaneni bezothando nasekuxhumaneni okusondelene nabanye.
Yini ebangela ukunamathiselwa okungavikelekile?
Umbono wokunamathisela ongavikelekile unikeza imihlahlandlela yezimbangela zokungavikeleki ebudlelwaneni, futhi eziningi zalezi zizathu ziye zahlolwa ngabaphenyi.
Isibonelo, kucatshangelwe ukuthi okunamathiselwe kuqala ebuntwaneni, futhi lezi zinto ezilandelayo zingaba izimbangela zokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile:
1. Ukuhlukumeza nokunganakwa
Ngokuya ngokubuyekezwa kwezifundo ezahlukahlukene, ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukunganakwa njengengane kuxhumene nokwakha okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile.
Eqinisweni, abantu abadala abahlupheke ekuhlukunyezweni noma ekunganakwa kwezingane banamathuba aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3.76 okulwa nokunamathiselwa kwezothando okungavikelekile.
Futhi Zama: Ukuhlolwa Kokunganakwa Kwemizwa Yobuntwana
2. Ukuhlukumezeka nokulahlekelwa
Ochwepheshe babike nokuthi ukulahleka nokuhlukumezeka okungalungisiwe kungaholela ezitayeleni zokunamathisela ezingavikelekile kubantu abadala ngaphezu kokuhlukunyezwa nokunganakwa kwezingane.
Ukulahlekelwa ngumzali, ukuhlukaniswa nabazali, noma ukuvezwa izehlakalo ezihlukumezayo ezifana nempi, udlame lwamaqembu ezigelekeqe, noma udlame lwasekhaya kungaholela esitayeleni sokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba nangokobulili nakho kuyizindlela zokuhlukumezeka.
Kungaba nezincazelo eziningana zokuthi yini ebangela ukungavikeleki ebudlelwaneni, kepha kwehla kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho ebudlelwaneni obudlule, ikakhulukazi labo abanomzali noma umnakekeli oyinhloko.
Ukunamathisela okuphephile kuyakhula uma abanakekeli bebenemfudumalo, benakekelwa, futhi bekhona ngokungaguquguquki futhi bephendula izidingo zengane. Okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile kwenzeka lapho lolu hlobo lokunakekelwa luntuleka, kungaba ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka, udlame, ukunganakwa, noma ukungabikho ngokomzwelo.
3. Ukuntuleka kokuphendula njengomzali
Izingane ezinabazali noma abanakekeli abayinhloko abebengaphenduli ngokungaguquguquki noma bezisekela zingadala izingane zabo ukuthi zenze okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile, ekugcineni kuholele ezindabeni zokunamathiselwa lapho sezikhulile.
Isibonelo, uma umzali engekho emzimbeni wengane noma engatholakali ngokomzwelo, ingane ingahle ibe namaphethini wokunamathisela okungavikelekile. Umzali olwa nokugula ngengqondo noma umlutha wempilo angahle aphendule kancane futhi akhuphule ubungozi bokunamathela okungavikelekile ezinganeni.
Ngokufanayo, uma kwesinye isikhathi umzali ephendula izidingo zengane noma enakekela ingane ngesikhathi sosizi, kodwa ezinye izikhathi zingaphenduli, ingane ingaqiniseka ukuthi izidingo zayo zizohlangatshezwa yini, okuholele ekunamatheleni okungavikelekile.
Futhi Zama: Okunamathiselwe isitayela Quiz
Izibonelo Zokuthinteka Okunamathiselwe Okungavikeleki
Okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile kungaholela ekuziphatheni okuthile njengoba umuntu ezama ukubhekana nokukhathazeka nokungaqiniseki maqondana nokuxhumana okusondelene nabanye.
Lokhu kuziphatha kungabukeka kwehlukile ngokuya ngeminyaka yomuntu. Isibonelo, ukuziphatha kwengane okungavikelekile kungaveza okuhlukile okuncane kunokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile kubantu abadala.
Ezinye izimpawu zokuziphatha zokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile ezinganeni zimi kanje:
- Ukugwema ngenkuthalo abazali / abanakekeli
- Ukuqubuka njalo kokukhala okungaduduzeki
- Ukunamathela ngokweqile kubazali / nakubanakekeli
- Ukufihla imizwa
- Ukushaywa uvalo lapho kuhlukaniswe nomzali
- Ukwenqaba ukuhlola imvelo
- Kunzima ukulawula imizwelo yakho
- Ukwaziwa nokuzimela ngokweqile lapho empeleni ingane ifisa ukunakwa
Abantu abadala abanezinanyathiselwa ezingavikelekile bavame ukukhombisa ezinye zezindlela zokuziphatha ezilandelayo ebuhlotsheni babo:
- Ukuzenyeza
- Ukwenqaba ukucela usizo
- Ukududula abanye, esikhundleni sokubavumela basondele
- Ukwesaba ukulahlwa
- Kwethulwa njengokunamathela ikakhulukazi ebudlelwaneni bezothando noma kubungani
- Ukufuna njalo isiqinisekiso sokuthi konke kuhamba kahle ebudlelwaneni
- Ukuzimela ngokweqile
- Ukungabaza ukusondelana nabanye abantu
- Umona ebudlelwaneni
Ukuziphatha okungavikelekile ebudlelwaneni babantu abadala kwenzeka ngoba lowo muntu wesaba ukuthi umlingani wakhe uzobashiya noma ahluleke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo.
Kumuntu onokunamathisela okungaqondakali, lokhu kuholela ekukhathazekeni nasekubambeleleni ukuvimbela ukulahlwa.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, umuntu onesitayela sokunamathisela esivikelekile uzoyeka ukusondelana nabanye, ngakho-ke abadumali noma balimale uma belahliwe, noma umlingani wabo engahlangabezani nezidingo zabo.
Ukunamathiselwa okungavikelekile kubuthinta kanjani ubudlelwano lapho usumdala
Ngeshwa, kuyaziwa ukuthi isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile esikhula ngesikhathi sobuntwana singaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo, sidlulele ebudlelwaneni babantu abadala.
Lapho othile enokunamathiselwe okungavikeleki-okungaqondakali, isibonelo, bangahle bakhathazeke kakhulu ebudlelwaneni ukuthi bafuna ukuchitha sonke isikhathi sabo nomlingani wabo, bengalokothi bavumele umlingani ukuthi abe nesikhathi sodwa.
Lokhu kuziphatha okunamathelayo kungaba yinguquko futhi kususe abalingani ongaba nabo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu onephethini lokunamathisela okungavikeleki angavika isizungu ngenxa yokwesaba ukusondelana nabanye.
Bangahle babhekane nababandayo futhi abangenandaba nobudlelwano babo, okungaholela ezingxabanweni.
Ucwaningo lubuke imiphumela ethile yokunamathiselwe okungavikelekile ebudlelwaneni babantu abadala. Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi abantu ababenezitayela zokunamathisela ezigwema noma ezingavumelani bavame ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela ezingavuthi lapho bexhumana nabanye.
Isibonelo, bangahle bathambekele ekucindezeleni imizwa yabo noma baveze ukwesaba nokukhathazeka kwabo kwabanye. Lokhu kuyinkinga ebudlelwaneni, kepha kuyimizamo yokuzivikela ekulimaleni kwabantu abanesitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile.
Okunye ucwaningo iphakamisa ukuthi ubudlelwano bokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile bungaholela ekuziphatheni okulandelayo:
- Lapho umuntu onesitayela sokunamathisela esivikelekile ecindezelekile, cishe ngeke afune induduzo kumlingani wakhe, futhi ngeke banikeze induduzo kumlingani ocindezelekile.
- Abantu abanesitayela sokunamathisela esivikelekile esingavikelekile bavame ukufuna ukuthintana okungatheni ngokomzimba futhi baziqhelelanise nabalingani babo lapho behlukana, njengaphambi kokuba umlingani ahambe aye esikhumulweni sezindiza.
- Umuntu onesitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile angahle acindezeleke kakhulu lapho exoxa ngokungqubuzana nomlingani wakhe, futhi bathambekele ekubukeni budlelwane babo kabi ngesikhathi sezingcindezi.
- Umuntu onesitayela sokunamathisela esivikelekile uzozihlukanisa nabalingani bakhe ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umuntu onesitayela sokunamathisela esingaqondakali noma esiphikisayo uzothambekela ekuziphatheni ngokungasebenzi kahle, alimaze ubuhlobo.
Ngokufingqa, izitayela zokunamathisela ezingavikelekile ebuhlotsheni zingenza kube nzima kubantu ukuphatha izingxabano, ukuxhumana nabalingani babo, futhi bazizwe bephephile ebudlelwaneni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphethini wokunamathisela aqala ebuntwaneni athambekele ekuqhubekeni ebudaleni uma kungenziwa lutho ukuwashintsha.
Isibonelo, ingane efunda ukuthi ayinakuthembela kubazali ukuthi bayinikeze ukusekelwa okungokomzwelo nokuvikelwa izokwenqaba ukuthembela kumlingani othandana naye, ngakho-ke abaphendukeli kumlingani wabo ukuthola usizo nokuxhumeka, okulindeleke kakhulu ebudlelwaneni .
Ngaphandle kokubangela ukulimala ebuhlotsheni, izitayela zokunamathisela ezingavikelekile kubantu abadala zingaholela ekuzibekeni phansi, ekucindezelekeni, nakwezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo.
Izindlela ezi-3 zokunqoba isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile
Isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile ngokuvamile sinezimpande ebuntwaneni, kepha kunezindlela zokunqoba izingqinamba ezivela ebudlelwaneni bokunamathiselwa okungavikelekile:
1. Ukuxhumana
Uma usebudlelwaneni obuzinikele, kufanele uxhumane nomlingani wakho nganoma yikuphi ukuphepha onakho nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bakhule kuphi.
Ukuthembeka kumlingani wakho ngezidingo zakho kunganisiza nobabili ukuba nibe ekhasini elilodwa, ngakho-ke baqonde ukuthi ukuziphatha kwenu kuvela kuphi.
2. Ukwelashwa Ngabanye
Ekugcineni, kungadingeka ukuthi ufune ukwelashwa ukukusiza ukuthi wakhe izindlela zokubhekana nezinkinga nezinkinga zobudlelwano.
Kuyasiza futhi ukufunda izindlela zokunqoba izingqinamba zobuntwana okungenzeka ukuthi zenze isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile.
3. Ukwelashwa Kwemibhangqwana
Wena kanye nomunye wakho obalulekile ningahlomula ngokuya ekwelashweni ndawonye, ukuze bafunde kabanzi ngesimo sakho futhi bafunde ukuthi bangakusekela kanjani njengoba uhamba ezindabeni zokunamathiselwa.
Isiphetho
Isitayela sokunamathiselwa esingavikelekile singaba mbumbulu / simelane, sigweme noma sihleleke.
Lezi zitayela zinezimpande ebuntwaneni lapho abantu bethuthukisa okunamathiselwe okuphephile nabanakekeli babo noma bafunda ukuthi abakwazi ukuthembela kubanakekeli ukuthi babanikeze
Ukuxhaswa okungaguquguquki, okwanele nokuphepha, okuholela kokunamathiselwe okungavikelekile. Lezi zindlela zokunamathisela kusukela ebuntwaneni zivame ukulandela abantu baye ebudaleni, kepha kunezindlela zokubhekana nazo ukuze isitayela sokunamathisela esingavikelekile singalimazi ubudlelwano bakho.